主动形式表被动意义被动形式表示主动意义
被动语态考查要点简述
被动语态的构成方式：be + 过去分词，口语只也有用get / become + 过去分词表示。被动语态的基本用法：不知道或没必要提到动作的执行者是谁时用被动语态。强调或突出动作的承受者常用被动语态（by短语有时可以省略）。
1. 主动形式表被动意义。
（1）当feel、look、smell、taste、sound等后面接形容词时；当cut、read、sell、wear、write等词带状语修饰语时；当动词表示“开始、结束、关、停、转、启动”等意义时。
This kind of cloth washes easily.这种布易洗。
These novels won’t sell well.这些小说不畅销。
My pen writes smoothly.我的钢笔写起来很流畅。
（2）当break out、take place、shut off、turn off、work out等动词表示“发生、关闭、制定”等意思时。
The plan worked out successfully.
The lamps on the wall turn off.
（3）want, require, need后面的动名词用主动表示被动含义。
（4）be worth doing用主动形式表示被动含义。
人教高中英语单词mp3
人教版初中英语单词表
人教版高中英语音频
（5）在“be + 形容词 + to do”中，不定式的逻辑宾语是句子的主语，用主动代被动。This kind of water isn’t fit to drink. The girl isn’t easy to get along with. 另外：be to blame(受谴责)，be to rent（出租）也用主动形式表被动。2. 被动形式表示主动意义的几种情况。（1）be seated坐着He is seated on a bench.（He seats himself on a bench.）坐在凳子上。（2）be hidden躲藏He was hidden behind the door.(He hid himself behind the door.)他藏在门后。（3）be lost迷路（4）be drunk喝醉（5）be dressed穿着The girl was dressed in a red short skirt. 3. 被动语态与系表结构的区别被动语态强调动作；系表结构表主语的特点或状态。如：The book was sold by a certain bookstore.(被动语态)The book is well sold.(系表结构) as, though, although引导的让步状语从句。[注意]although位于句首;though位于句首或句中;as位于句中=though。它的词序是把句中强调的形容词、副词、动词或名词放在连词前。[参考倒装结构] 请注意下列句式的变化：[例句]1. Although/Though I'm young, I already know what career I want to follow.→Young as/though I am, I already know what career I want to follow.我虽然年轻，但我已经明白我应该追随什么样的事业。2. Although/Though I respect him very much, I cannot agree with his idea.→Much as/though I respect him, I cannot agree with his idea. 虽然我很尊重他，但是我不同意他的观点。3. Although/Though he is a child, he knows a lot of Chinese characters.→Child(省略冠词)as/though he is, he knows a lot of Chinese characters. 他虽然还是个孩子，却认识了许多汉字。4. Strange as it may seem, nobody was injured in the accident. 这次意外虽然显得不可思议，却没有人受伤。…before…特殊用法(1)"没来得及……就……"[例句]The roof fell before he had time to dash into the room to save his baby.他还没有来得及冲进房间救孩子，房顶就塌了。He ran off before I could stop him. 我还没有来得及阻止，他已经跑了。
