英语系动词的基本特点及用法
系动词又称联系动词,作为系动词,它本身有词义,但不能单独用作谓语,后边必须跟表语(也称补语),构成系表结构说明主语的状况、性质、特征等情况,有些系动词又是实义动词,该动词表达实义时,有词义,可单独作谓语,如:
He fell ill yesterday. (fall是系动词,后跟补足语,说明主语情况)
He fell off the ladder. (fall是实义动词,单独作谓语。)
(1)状态系动词
用来表示主语状态,只有be一词,例如:
He is a teacher. (is与补足语一起说明主语的身份。)
(2)持续系动词
用来表示主语继续或保持一种状况或态度,主要有keep, rest, remain, stay, lie, stand, 例如:
He always kept silent at meeting. 他在会上总是保持沉默。
This matter rests a mystery. 这件事是一个谜。
不知不觉背单词
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新概念英语青少版
(3)表像系动词 用来表示"看起来像"这一概念,主要有seem, appear, look, 例如: He seems (to be) very sad. 他似乎很伤心。(4)感官系动词 主要有feel, smell, sound, taste, 例如: This kind of cloth feels very soft. 这种布摸起来很柔软。This flower smells very sweet. 这花闻起来很香。(5)变化系动词 表示主语变成什么样,有become, grow, turn, fall, get, go, come, runHe became mad after that. 他在那之后疯了。She grew rich within a short time. 她在很短的时间内就变得富有了。(6)终止系动词 表示主语已终止动作,主要有prove, trun out, 表达"证实","变成"之意,例如: The search proved difficult. 搜查证实很难。 His plan turned out a success. (turn out表终止性结果)1. The next thing he saw was smoke _______ (rise) from the house.2. More highways have been built in China, __________ (make) it much easier for people to travel from one place to another.3. That was definitely not an attractive idea so I politely declined her invitation, _____ (close) my book and walked away.4. At one point I made up my mind to talk to Uncle Sam. Then I changed my mind, __________ (realize) that he could do nothing to help.5. I had great difficulty _________(find) the suitable food on the menu in that restaurant.1.rising 【解析】 句意:他看到的下一件事是烟雾从那座房屋冒出,分词作定语。2.making 【解析】句意:许多告诉公路已经建立起来,使得人们出行很方便,分词作状语。3.closed 【解析】句意:那的确不是一个好的主意,所以我合上书离开了,and连接对等的时态。4.realizing 【解析】句意:那一刻我下定决心和Sam叔叔谈谈,然后我改变主意了,意识到那样做没有任何作用,分词作状语。55.finding 【解析】finding have difficult (in)doing sth.意为“做某事方面有困难”。