表示时间的状语从句when和before和until ①when、whenever、while和as when意为“当……时候”，表示某个具体的时间。所引导从句的动作或是与主句的动作 同时发生，或是先于主句动作。when可指一段时间也可指一点时间（即时间点）；既可表示一时性动作又可表示持续性的动作。whenever意为“每当”，指的是任何一个不具体的时间。as意为“当……时候”更侧重于“一边……一边……”，as还可表示“随着”。while表示一个时间段，只能表示持续性的动作或状态，不能表示一次性或短暂性的动作。例如： He entered the lecture hall when (as或while)the lecturer was speaking.（指一段时间） While (as) he was studying, his brother was sleeping.（指一段时间） When (as) he arrives, I will inform him of it.（指一点时间不能用while） I was doing my homework when suddenly the telephone rang.（指一点时间） ②before和after before意为“在……之前”，表示从句的动作发生在主句动作之后。after意为“在……之后”，表示从句的动作发生在主句动作之前。例如： He had done good preparations before he went to college. After he had tried many times and failed in the end, he gave up. 新概念1单词 新概念第一册课文原文 人教版初中英语单词
③until和till 这两个词都表示“直到……、到……为止”。表示一个动作持续到某一时刻为止。二者用法相近，但在句首时只能用until。例如： He waited at home until/till it stopped raining. Until all the lights in the street had been off, the boy went home. A、not……until可用于强调句中，这种强调结构只能用until（till）不用before。例如： It wasn’t until ten o’clock that the lazy boy got up. B、not……until可以位于句首表示强调，运用倒装结构，这时不可用before。例如： Not until yesterday did I find the missing bag at home. Not until he was punished did the boy realize his fault. =It was not until he was punished that the boy realized his fault. =The boy didn’t realize his fault until he was punished.
Ruby Kate, 11 likes to spend time with residents at the local nursing homes where her mother Amada works as a nurse. One day last summer, Ruby___21___that a resident named Pearl was staring out of the window and looking very___22___. Ruby and Amanda learnt that Pearl’s dog had just left. She couldn't ___23___to have someone take care of her dog and it was basically homeless. After a little more ___24___, Amanda and her daughter found out that Pearl only gets $40 each month from her Medicaid check. Many of the other residents received just as little — if ___25___ — spending money at all. Pearl’s story____26____Ruby. She wanted to do something to____27____her and the other residents. So she got out a____28____and wrote down a simple question: “What are three things you wish you had?” Amanda was____29____of Ruby’s broad question. She didn't think her daughter would ____30____with anything helpful. “In my adult mind, that question is not going to ____31____” said Amanda. “They're going to tell you that they want things you can't give them.” She went door to door at the nursing home, _____32_____residents to list their three wishes. When Amanda saw what her daughter wrote in her notebook, she was_____33_____that the list was filled with just____34____ requests like new pillows, books, razors and peanut butter. Ruby and Amanda____35____all of the items on the first list and that started a chain reaction of ____36____ and kindness. They launched a GoFundMe page to_____37_____money to fulfill more wishes. Soon after, Ruby's story went viral and she's now collected more than $250,000 and_____38_____ her own nonprofit called Three Wishes for Ruby's Residents. “I'd like it to go on ____39____ and ever and ever,” she said. “Because I just want it to go____40____and I want it to go around the states and even in different countries.” 21. A. warnedB. noticedC. screamedD. worried 22. A. upsetB. curiousC. exhaustedD. satisfied 23. A. expectB. botherC. affordD. agree 24. A. discussingB. examiningC. sharingD. digging 25. A. anyB. soC. notD. ever 26. A. movedB. struckC. changedD. depressed 27. A. comfortB. compensateC. helpD. protect 28. A. brochureB. penC. diaryD. notebook 29. A. skepticalB. awareC. tiredD. confident 30. A. put upB. bring upC. end upD. show up 31. A. matterB. workC. inspireD. arise 32 A. persuadingB. orderingC. askingD. advising 33. A. delightedB. confusedC. frightenedD. shocked 34. A. simpleB. demandingC. unreasonableD. strange 35. A. collectedB. boughtC. madeD. removed 36. A. curiosityB. anxietyC. sympathyD. generosity 37. A. raiseB. earnC. saveD. borrow 38. A. managedB. foundedC. advertisedD. invested 39. A. temporarilyB. cheaplyC. foreverD. efficiently 40. A. richerB. higherC. fasterD. bigger
