日常交际用语必备hold和keep知识点解析 1.hold A. vt.拿着；握着 Holding my hand, he tried to calmed me down. Hold the line, please. 容纳 How much water can the tank hold? 拥有；占有He held the position for years. 举行Chinese film weeks will be held in other places. B.习语 hold…back阻碍；忍住；保留hold…down 控制；镇压 hold…forth提出；hold…in memory 记住 hold on坚持下去；（电话）别挂hold on to…抓住不放 hold out坚持到底；维持；伸出hold to sth.紧紧抓住；坚持（路线、道路、看法等） hold…together合在（一起）；团结（在一起）hold…up举起；耽搁；耽误 新概念英语听力下载 新概念英语听力 新概念英语美音版
2.keep A. vt. (1)保留 I'll keep a seat for you. (2)养活；饲养 He has a large family to keep. He keeps some chicken. (3)使……处在……状态Sorry to have kept you waiting. Let's keep the door open but keep t he windows closed. Close the door to keep the cold out. Let's keep the room in order. B. link v. 保持 We must keep fit.=We must keep in good health. Keep calm in time of danger. C.习语 keep a record of登记；记录keep a secret保密keep watch注意；提防 keep up坚持；继续keep up with…跟上keep watch守望；站岗 keep one's promise/word履行诺言keep the law/rule遵守法律/法规 keep…apart使分离keep away不接近；避开 keep…back扣下；阻止；留下；忍住（眼泪等）keep birthday/ Christmas庆祝生日/圣诞等 keep body and soul together维持生活keep…down控制；缩减 keep sb. doing sth. 使…….坚持做keep silence保持安静；保持沉默 keep sth. to oneself把……据为己有keep sb. from doing sth. 阻止；使免于；抑制 keep hold of…抓住不放keep …in mind记住 keep doing sth. 继续做；不断地做keep on doing sth. 不停地做;反复地做 keep…out不许…….入内keep out of…不参与 keep sb. company与某人做伴；陪伴某人keep to sth.坚持；固守（习惯等） keep…under control使得以控制keep in touch with…与保持联系
Tiredness, coughing, a runny nose and a sore throat—among all sicknesses there is probably none more common than the flu, which we all get now and then. However, bird flu is a completely different story. Ten years ago, the H5N1 bird flu swept across 15 countries, including China, with sufferers reporting chest pain, difficulty breathing, fever and severe coughing. More than 600 people were infected, and about 60 percent died. Now another type of bird flu hit Shanghai and three neighboring provinces, and this time the virus is called H7N9. By the afternoon of April 11, the new virus had taken nine lives out of 35 infected, according to Xinhua News Agency. The “H” and “N” in the virus’ name refers to two kinds of proteins on the surface of the virus. Any change of the numbers of the two proteins indicates a new mutation(变异). Most of the mutations only affect birds, such as chickens and pigeons, and don’t normally spread to humans. But once they do, the results can be disastrous. “Any time an animal influenza virus crosses to humans, it is a cause for concern, ”Malik Peiris, virologist(病毒学家)at the University of Hong Kong, told Nature magazine. Take the SARS epidemic(传染病)10 years ago as an example. The virus behind the disease is thought to have jumped to humans from animals. The virus was a complete “stranger” to human bodies, which hadn’t developed an immunity against it. But there is something more about the new H7N9 bird flu. Unlike the H5N1 bird flu, which causes severe sickness in birds, the H7N9 has been evolving under the radar(悄悄地)since it travels between birds without causing noticeable illness. That makes it difficult to keep track of the disease. The good news is that there’s so far no sign that the virus is spreading from person to person. But since there is no vaccine for the disease yet, the World Health Organization recommends that you wash your hands after meeting with sick people and before and after you eat or prepare food, and they also suggest avoiding contact with birds or their eggs. 5. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the text? A. The H5N1 bird flu turned out to have something to do with the SARS epidemic. B. More than 600 people across the world died from the H5N1 bird flu ten years ago. C. Most of the mutations of the proteins in the bird flu virus are harmful to both birds andhumans. D. The name, H7N9 bird flu, shows that there have been new mutations of the proteins inthe virus. 6. With the example of the SARS epidemic in Paragraph 5, the author intends to . A. introduce where the SARS virus came from B. inform us of the harmful effects of the SARS epidemic ten years ago C. show the horrible effects an animal influenza virus can have once it spreads to humans D. compare the differences between the SARS epidemic and the H7N9 bird flu 7. What makes the H7N9 bird flu more frightening than the H5N1 bird flu according to the text? A. It can cause severe sickness in birds. B. It can spread from person to person. C. It affects a greater number of birds. D. It doesn’t sicken birds and thus can spread unnoticed. 8. What are people advised to do to protect themselves against the H7N9 bird flu? a. To get vaccinated for the disease. b. To keep away from birds and their eggs. c. To stop eating chickens and ducks. d. To avoid meeting with sick people. e. To wash hands thoroughly and regularly. A. a, b B. c, d C. b, e D. a, e
