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完形填空考试出题的方向考试题型和解题技巧
版块:教育培训   类型:普通   作者:clcfone   查看:60   回复:0   获赞:0   时间:2023-06-06 14:01:18

完形填空考试出题的方向考试题型和解题技巧
完形填空是全国各地高考英语必考题型之一,占20分。题型特征是:一篇短文中间留20 个空格,每个空格给出4个选项,要求从中选出最佳答案填入相应的空格内。由于这种题型既考查学生的语法、词法、句法、习惯用法等英语基础知识的综合运用能力,又考查他们对短文的阅读和理解能力。这种题型综合性较强,因而难度较大。总的来说,完形填空为了测试考生实际应用英语的能力和语感。具体说来,是从语篇角度综合测试考生的阅读理解能力、词汇的掌握和对英语习惯用语的熟悉程度、以及语法规则的灵活运用。因此,本文就考试出题的三个方向、考试题型和具体解题技巧做了详细阐述:
考试出题的大致方向是:
1、词汇:某些词义的识别,同义词辨析。英语习惯用法的熟悉程度。
2、语法结构:语法规则的实际应用。
3、语篇句意:从语篇角度,即上下文和情景语境综合测试考生的阅读理解能力

4. 逻辑推理和生活常识

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考试题型:
  (一)词汇题:
  单纯地考单词或短语的释义:
  1. There can be no question about the value of a safety program. From a financial standpoint alone, safety ____. 
A. comes off    B. turns up         C. pays off     D. holds up
  答案:C.
  词汇辨析题:
主要是指同义词、近义词的辨析,这类题较难。
  2 They are needed for ____ food into energy and body maintenance.
  A. shifting       B. transferring      C. altering      D. transforming
  答案:D.
  固定短语搭配题:
  3.With it, astronauts will acquire a workhouse vehicle ____ of flyingsintosspace and returning many times. 
  A. capable  B. suitable  C. efficient  D. fit
  答案:A.
  (二)语法题:
  语法结构题,主要是考结构词:代词、介词和从句连接词。
  4.Moreover, inaccurate or indefinite words may make ____ difficult for the listener to understand the message which is being transmitted to him.
  A. that     B. it     C. so     D. this  
答案:B.
  (三)语篇题:
  文章的上下文决定所缺处所选择的词.这一考点要求学生根据文章的整体内容进行理解,根据层次结构和内容的逻辑关系,去选择符合文章情节的答案,这也叫情景意义的选择.
  5.Getting enough vitamins is essential to life, although the body has no nutritional use for excess vitamins. Many people ____ believe in being on the "safe side" and thus take extra vitamins. (96)
  A. nevertheless  B. therefore  C. moreover  D. meanwhile
  答案:A.

    Have you ever regretted doing something you shouldn’t have done or something you didn’t do which you should have? At one time or another we probably all have. There’s no 51( point) in getting depressed about it now—it’s no 52( use) crying over spilt milk. However, there may be some gain in thinking about exactly what happened and why 53(because) we might be able to draw some conclusions for the future. 
    One thing we all do now and again is to lose our 54(temper) with a friend or close relative. The odd thing is that we more often display great 55(anger) towards someone we are fond of than towards 56(strangers) . The explanation may be that we see friends and relatives as a kind of safety net, an opportunity to 57 (let off) a bit of steam in a safe environment, while the consequences of 58(insulting) a stranger could be far more serious. 
    Being honest is usually thought of as a virtue and undoubtedly this is the 59(case). On the other hand, we have all experienced occasions when we have spoken our minds to someone, telling them exactly what we feel, and then have found ourselves filled with feelings of 60(guilt) . Perhaps we should have kept our mouths shut?
    51. A. reason      B. purpose       C. point      D. result 
    52. A. use        B. help           C. value      D. benefit 
    53. A. so         B. because        C. but        D. though 
    54.A. mind       B. memory        C. manner    D. temper 
    55. A. anger       B. interest        C. love       D. respect 
    56. A. strangers    B. friends        C. relatives    D. colleagues
    57. A run through   B. throw away    C. give up     D. let off 
    58.A. inviting      B. insulting      C. speaking to   D. believing in 
    59. A. issue        B. case         C. event        D. factor
    60. A excitement    B. happiness     C. pride        D. guilt 
      以做55题为例,单从这一句来看,四个选项a. anger b. interest c. love d. respect都可以填进去, 但从下文的‘we see friends and relatives as a kind of safety net,’(我们把朋友和亲戚看作一种安全网。) ‘an opportunity to let off a bit of steam in safe environment’ (一种在安全环境中可以宣泄怨气的机会)。再从前文的‘The odd thing is that …(奇怪的事是…), 因此第55题可以判断选anger, 这样才能符合题义:‘奇怪的事是我们更经常地对我们喜欢的某些人发泄愤怒。’在做这个题目的时候,我们‘瞻前’又‘顾后’,所以就比较顺利。再比如做54 题,我们也可以从下文的‘we see friends and relatives as a kind of safety net,’(我们把朋友和亲戚看作一种安全网。)和‘an opportunity to let off a bit of steam in safe environment’得到启示,很容易看出要选d, 以构成lose our temper的结构。根据这一原则,我们就能顺利地选出56题的答案是a, strangers, 这是因为上文提到的‘我们把朋友和亲戚看作一种安全网’,也就是说我们经常对朋友和亲戚发脾气比较安全,而对strangers发脾气的后果就比较严重,据此我们也就能够很容易得出结论58题应该选b, insulting。我们在做完形填空题时,做到瞻前顾后,寻找关联,这样就能做到在高考中得高分。

 
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