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短文改错错误类型和解题思路解题步骤
版块:教育培训   类型:普通   作者:clcfone   查看:102   回复:0   获赞:0   时间:2023-05-23 14:04:22
短文改错错误类型和解题思路解题步骤
解题步骤
做短文改错通常遵循以下几个步骤:通读文章,了解大意;逐句分析,行中找错;再读短文,检查漏洞。即按照文章→句子→行→文章的顺序。
第一步:通读全文,了解大意。短文改错是考查考生在理解的基础上对语篇整体的识错、纠错能力,必须从全篇考虑,而不能只顾一句或一行。要理解文章的谋篇布局,弄清楚整篇文章的意思。在阅读过程中,要注意行文逻辑、文章的时态以及人称等。
第二步:逐句分析,行中找错。尽管短文改错是以行设置错误的,但语言毕竟是以句子为完整意义单位的。所以,可以逐句分析,看看单句是否有错;如果有错,有几处错误,是什么错误,再看看错误在哪一行。把“短文改错”转化为“单句改错”,然后再在行中找错,这样就会降低难度。 第三步:再读短文,检查漏洞。做完以后,再把文章阅读一遍,检查是否有遗漏情况,尤其注意上下句之间的逻辑关系。

错误形式与改法
1  改词(6—7个):在文中该词下面划横线。
2  添词(1—2个):在文中标上添词符号(∧);在题号后横线上写出要添的词。
3 去掉(1—2个):在文中用斜线( \ )划掉该词;在题号后写上要划掉的词,也用斜线划掉。
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错误类型和解题思路
综观近十年的短文改错题,不难看出常见的错误类型包括:
(1)词法内容。包括名词、代词的数与格,反身代词,动词时态语态,非谓语动词、短语动词的用法,不规则动词的变化形式,形容词的比较级,形容词副词的区别,介词的误用等。
(2)句法内容。包括主谓一致、指代一致,并列连词,从属连词等引导各种从句的关联词语,感叹句,疑问句,祈使句的结构等。
(3)行文逻辑。包括句子的肯定、否定、推理判断等。现结合近几年的高考试题对这三中错误和解题思路分析如下:

The tourist bus winded its way into a mountainous area.When it was  1  to make a turn, two passengers — a  2  of young lovers — were so attracted by the beautiful scenery that they  3  a stop to get down.They were left behind and the bus went  4  .Suddenly they heard a loud boom   5  of the road.It was a huge rock rolling down in the landslide that hit the bus and fell with it into a deep valley.The lovers were greatly  6  by the news that no passengers on board  7  .When they calmed down they  8  and expressed their feelings in a few words.
The above story was told by a guide when we were riding a tourist  9  to a scenic mountain. He asked us to guess what the lovers said  10  after the disaster that they had narrowly escaped.
Often we read reports about traffic accidents, among which there were  11  ones who missed the bus and  12  the disaster. Those people usually said with a sigh of  13  . “Fortunately I was not on board.” On our bus the passengers’   14  to the guide were various.
But the answer was quite out of our expectation. “If we hadn’t got down and  15  the bus, it would have  16  the dangerous spot and all the passengers would have survived.”
The story passed from person to person as a sort of wit(智慧) test, but I think  17  .It actually serves as a (n)  18  of a person’s mind.I pay my heart­felt respect to the couple who, instead of feeling lucky,   19  themselves for causing the loss of lives.People all have heart for  20  , but it is often a flashing thought across one’s mind that decides whether it is good or evil (邪恶的).
1.A.ready         B.time           C.asked           D.about
2.A.couple         B.group          C.party            D.row
3.A.got to          B.called for       C.caught sight of    D.looked for
4.A.away          B.in             C.on               D.by
5.A.along          B.ahead          C.across           D.opposite
6.A.shocked        B.scared          C.moved          D.confused
7.A.died           B.saved           C.survived      D.witnessed
8.A.shouted        B.screamed        C.fought          D.sighed
9.A.car            B.bike            C.road          D.bus
10.A.immediately    B.even           C.only          D.ever
11.A.lazy           B.selfish          C.lucky          D.strange
12.A.missed         B.avoided         C.caused          D.remarked
13.A.sorrow         B.innocence        C.relief          D.regret
14.A.emotions       B.expressions       C.replies          D.attitudes
15.A.caught         B.delayed         C.missed         D.took
16.A.seen          B.passed           C.jumped         D.overlooked
17.A.otherwise     B.more           C.whatever         D.seriously
18.A.examination   B.change          C.quality         D.state
19.A.thought       B.blamed          C.enjoyed      D.helped
20.A.happiness     B.excuse          C.honor          D.Mercy

 
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