表语形容词复合形容词ed形容词与ing形容词
1. 表语形容词
1）表语形容词是一般只用于系动词后作表语的形容词, 这类动词常见的有remain, stay, stand, keep, lie, grow, turn, get, become, run, come, seem, sound, appear, look, smell, taste, feel等。常见的表语形容词有，某些以a开头的形容词:
afraid “害怕的”; alive “活着的”; alone “单独的”; ashamed “羞愧的”; asleep “睡着的”; awake “醒着的”等。
① 这类形容词除afraid和ashamed可用very修饰外, 一般不用very修饰, 可用其他表程度的副词修饰, 如very much。常用搭配:
wide awake 完全清醒 sound/fast asleep 酣睡
quite alone 非常孤独 still alive 仍然活着
much alike 非常相似 ull/well/quite aware of 充分意识到; 对……非常清醒
② 表语形容词还可用作后置定语。如:
He is the most famous scientist alive in the world today.
2）某些与健康状况有关的形容词: well “健康的”; fine “健康的”; poorly “不适; 不舒服”; unwell “不舒服的”; ill “有病的”; faint “头晕的”等。如:
I’m feeling well today. 我今天感觉很好。
He is ill today. 他今天病了。
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3）某些描述感觉或心情的形容词: glad “高兴的”; pleased “高兴的”; content “满意的”; sorry “难过的”; upset “难过的”等。如: I am glad/pleased to hear that you are offered a good job. 我很高兴听到你收到一份好工作的通知。4）其他表语形容词: certain “确认的”; sure “确信的”; fond “喜欢的”; ready “准备好的”; unable “不能……的”等。如: I’m certain/sure that he will succeed. 我确信他将会成功。2.复合形容词1）副词词干＋分词, 如: hardworking 勤劳的2）名词词干＋过去分词, 如: manmade人造的3）名词词干＋现在分词, 如: timeconsuming 耗时的4）名词词干＋形容词, 如: worldfamous 世界闻名的5）数词词干＋名词, 如: fivestar 五星级的6）数词词干＋名词ed, 如: threelegged 三条腿的7）数词词干＋名词＋形容词, 如: fiveyearold 5岁的8）形容词词干＋过去分词, 如: readymade 现成的9）形容词词干＋名词ed, 如: kindhearted 好心的10） 形容词词干＋现在分词, 如: ordinarylooking 相貌一般的11）形容词词干＋形容词, 如: redhot 炽热的3.-ed形容词与-ing形容词ed形容词，通常说明人，意为“（某人）感到……”；-ing形容词通常说明事物，意为“（某事物）令人……”或“令人……的（事物）”。 此类形容词的动词词干包括：excite、surprise、amaze、embarrass、frustrate、interest、thrill、terrify、please、satisfy、frighten、tire、bore、relax、fascinate、annoy、move、worry、confuse、touch、disappoint、shock、puzzle等，仅列部分此类形容词：excite 使人兴奋 excited 感到兴奋的 exciting 令人兴奋的surprise 使吃惊 surprised 感到吃惊的 surprising令人吃惊的amaze使惊奇 amazed 感到惊奇的 amazing令人惊奇的embarrass使窘迫 embarrassed感到窘迫的 embarrassing令人窘迫的【例句】 He has a frightened look on his face. 他脸上带有惊恐的神情。（他感到恐惧）He has a frightening look on his face. 他脸上带着令人恐惧的神情。[牛刀小试]1. On a ______ cod day the boy,______10, helped an old man find his way home. A.freezing; aging B. freezing; aged C. frozen; aging D.frozen; aged 2. His words vere very ________. Every one was_________ by what he had said.A. frightened; frightening B. frightening; frightening C. frightened; frightened D. frightening; frightened【答案】1. B 2. D
