虚拟语气在名词性从句中的应用知识点总结
1. wish与hope接宾语从句的区别在于：hope表示一般可以实现的希望，宾语从句用陈述语气。wish表示很难或不大可能实现的希望,宾语从句用虚拟语气。试比较：
We hope they will come. (We don’t know if they can come. 我不知道他们是否会来。)
We wish they could come. (We know they are not coming. 我知道他们不会来。)
2. if only 与 I wish一样，也用于表示与事实相反的愿望，其后所虚拟语气的时态与 wish后所接时态的情况相同：
If only she had had more courage! 她再勇敢一些就好了。
If only I had listened to my parents! 我要是当时听了父母的话就好了。
If only she would go with me! 她要是愿意和我一道去就好了!
★ if only 通常独立使用，没有主句。
3. would rather后句子用虚拟语气只分现在和过去
在would rather, would sooner, would just as soon后的that从句中, 句子谓语习惯上要用虚拟语气， 表示宁愿做什么" ，具体用法为：
（1）一般过去时表示现在或将来的愿望
I’d rather you went tomorrow (now). 我宁愿你明天(现在)去。
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（2）用过去完成时表过去的愿望 I’d rather you hadn’t said it. 我真希望你没有这样说过。 4. as if (though)从句用虚拟语气 以as if (as though)引导的方式状语从句或表语从句，有时用虚拟语气,则与wish用法相同，例： He acts as if he knew me. 他显得认识我似的。 They treat me as though I were a stranger. 他们待我如陌生人。 He talks as if he had been abroad. 他说起话来好像曾经出过国。 ★ 注意：（1）从句所表示的内容若为事实或可能为事实，也可用陈述语气： It looks as if we’ll be late. 我们似乎要迟到了。 （2）It isn’t as if…的翻译： It isn’t as if he were poor. 他不像穷的样子(或他又不穷)。5. 从句中should+动词原形，should可省略 （1）在 lest，for fear that( 以免) , in case(以防)引导的目的状语从句中的虚拟语气，如： She walked quietly lest she (should)wake up her roommates. 她走得很轻以免吵醒她的室友。 （2）表应当做值得做一类动词后的宾语从句 建议advise, suggest, propose, recommend 命令order, command 请求ask, demand, require, request 指示direct 敦促urge 提议move, vote 希望desire坚持insist 打算intend 安排arrange 试比较下列句子： I insisted that he (should)stay. 我坚持要他留下。 He urged that they go to Europe. 他敦促他们到欧洲去。 He suggested that we should leave early. 他建议我们早点动身。 He ordered that it (should)be sent back. 他命令把它送回去。 He requires that I (should)appear. 他要求我出场。 The general directed that the prisoners should be set free. 将军指示释放那些俘虏。 *suggest表“暗示”insist表“坚持认为”不用虚拟语气 比较： He insisted that I had read his letter. 他坚持说我看过他的信。 He insisted that I should read his letter. 他坚持要我看他的信。 He suggested that we (should) stay for dinner. 他建议我们留下吃饭。 I suggested that you had a secret understanding with him. 我觉得你与他心照不宣。 （3）order,suggestion,idea,plan, proposal, advice, demand等名词后的表语从句或同位语从句，如： Our suggestion is that you（should）be the first to go． 我们的建议是你应该第一个去。（4）advice, agreement, command, decision, decree, demand, determination, indication, insistence, order, preference, proposal, request, requirement, stipulation, suggestion, idea, plan, order “It is (was)+ 紧急 重要-- 带感情色彩 上述demand/suggest等动词过去分词 或important,natural,strange ,necessary,surprised, appropriate等形容词后的主语从句 It is ordered that the army (should)get there by 4 a.m. 军队必须在上午4点之前到达那里.6. It’s time后的从句用虚拟语气：从句谓语通常用过去式表示 (早)该干某事了，有时也用过去进行时或“should+动词原形”(较少见，且should不能省略)，如： It’s time I was in bed. 我该上床睡了。(不用were) 注意：It's time = It is (the very/high/right/about) time。7. wish引导的虚拟语气（1）表示与现在事实相反的愿望，构成：主语 + wish (that) +从句主语+动词过去式（be 一律用were）如：I wish I knew everything in the world. 我希望我知道世界上的一切。I wish that the experiment were a success. 我希望实验是成功的。（2）表示与过去事实相反的愿望，构成：主语 + wish (that) + 从句主语 + would/could + have + 过去分词或had + 过去分词，如：I wish that you had called yesterday. 我希望你昨天打来电话。I didn’t go to the party, but I do wish I had been there. 我没有去参加聚会，但我真希望我去过那儿。（3）表示将来不大可能实现的愿望，构成：主语 + wish (that) + 从句主语 + would/should/could/might + 原形动词，如：I wish that he could try again. 我希望他能再试一次。I wish that someday I should live on the moon. 我希望有一天我能在月球上生活。
